Adjustment of the waterway contains every constructional measure to a navigable channel, e.g. Broadening of curved waterways, deepening of the wat...

Land use conversion is a general term for large scale geographic change. Afforestation is one such land conversion in which trees are planted on pr...

Aquifer recharge is achieved by adding surface water in basins, furrows, ditches, wells or other facilities where it infiltrates into the soil and ...

Breakwaters are structures constructed on coasts as part of coastal defense or to protect a port and port entrance from the effects of both heavy s...

Bypass channel, also known as a flood-relief channel, is an artificially made waterway constructed in order to protect urban and rural agricultural...

The “system of cascading flood compartments” combines area prevention with constructional solutions. The idea is to (re)build a second dikeline of ...

A second dike line is created by building other dikes, mostly bigger dikes, on the water side of existing dikes, which will not be removed. Buildin...

Demountable flood protection barriers consist of a combination of removable and pre-installed permanent components. The system is planned to be ere...

A dike or levee is an elongated artificially constructed embankment, which protects low-lying areas against higher water levels. It is usually made...

Inspection of the flood protection dikes takes place in order to observe and assess the state of the dike and especially after a storm surge events...

Dike reinforcement describes the process of strengthening the dike by e.g. raising the dike height, widening of the dike crest, broadening the who...

A new dike is built further away from the river or the coast after which the existing dike is removed. This leads to an increase of the flood plain...

The term dredging is used to refer to the systematic removal of accumulated material from river or other watercourse channels. In its most extreme...

A fascine is a bundle of sticks or brushwood used in construction, generally to strengthen an earthen structure, fill ditches, or make a path acros...

Flexible water level management involves anticipating precipitation that has been forecast. The water level is lowered before a shower is expected,...

A flood control dam is a dam built to catch surface runoff and stream water flow in order to regulate the water flow in areas below the dam. Flood ...

Flood forecasting is an important component of flood warning. Flood forecasting involves prediction of water levels and flows at particular locatio...

These barriers are made of a single or pair of rigid sections (usually steel or fibreglass), designed to close a gap within a flood defence. They a...

Flood hazard mapping is an exercise to define those areas which are at risk of flooding under extreme conditions. As such, its primary objective is...

Floodplain excavation is a measure by which gradual height increase caused by sedimentation on flood plains may be counteracted. The floodplain can...

Evacuation routes and infrastructure in cities that are prone to flooding need to be flood proofed. Available options to reduce the negative impact...

These modular systems are made of impermeable materials and are joined together to form a continuous barrier or wall. These products are self suppo...

A groyne is normally a straight structure perpendicular to the shoreline. Groynes work by blocking (part of) the littoral drift, whereby they trap/...

Hydraulic Fill is fill in which the materials are deposited by a flowing stream of water. This fill material will originate from a borrow area or d...

Managed realignment or managed retreat allows an area that was not previously exposed to flooding by the sea to become flooded by removing coastal ...

Multifunctional Flood Defences (MFD) is a newly developed concept to optimize allocation of urban space rather than constructing stand-alone struct...

The central concept for the revised water safety policy is formed by 'multi-layer safety'. In this concept safety is assured through multiple layer...

Ένα δίκτυο εσωτερικής ναυσιπλοΐας εστιάζει κυρίως στη διασύνδεση των υδάτινων σωμάτων που βρίσκονται σε κοντινές αποστάσεις. Συνδέοντάς τα, με υπόγ...

A polder is a low-lying tract of land enclosed by embankments (barriers) known as dikes that forms an artificial hydrological entity, meaning it ha...

Restructuring of the layout of the port, its equipment and flood protection system.

Revetments are sloping structures placed on banks or cliffs in such a way as to absorb the energy of incoming water. River or coastal revetments ar...

Rip rap is large boulders of rock that are placed along the edge of the coastline and is sometimes referred to as rock armouring. They work by diss...

River training refers to the structural measures which are taken to improve a river and its banks. River training is an important component in the ...

A sandbag is a bag or sack made of hessian / burlap, polypropylene or other materials, that is filled with sand or soil and it is used for flood de...

These systems consist of multiple sections made of rigid materials such as steel or fibreglass which are joined or interlocked to form a continuous...

Sediment replenishment method is one of new measures of sediment management mostly used in river systems where dams/reservoirs have been created. I...

Seepage barriers are constructed in order to control and mitigate the subsurface flow, or seepage of water. Depending on the method employed, they...

It is located west of the New Port of Limassol. The existing natural lake was formed and a basin was built at the entrance to hold the mud so it w...

A sluice is a gate used to control the rate of flow of water. It fulfills the function of a flood protection and hinterland drainage. In normal ope...

Storm surge barriers are hard engineered structures with a primary function of preventing coastal flooding. Their secondary role is to shorten the ...

Stormwater harvesting (SWH) consists in collecting, storing and reusing stormwater collected from drains or creeks, on the contrary to rainwater ha...

Toroba is a homemade diversion structure that is used to divert flood water for water supply augmentation. It is built of wooden poles, taken from ...

Tubes (air filled or water filled) flood protection products are typically pre-fabricated geo-membrane or reinforced PVC tubes filled with air or w...

A weir is a barrier across a river designed to alter the flow characteristics. In most cases weirs take the form of obstructions smaller than most ...

A wetland (Natural or Constructed/Artificial) is a land area that is saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally, such that it takes on ...